"""WizardKit: Hardware diagnostics""" # vim: sts=2 sw=2 ts=2 import atexit import logging import os import pathlib import subprocess import time from docopt import docopt from wk import cfg, debug, exe, log, std, tmux from wk.cfg.hw import STATUS_COLORS from wk.hw import benchmark as hw_benchmark from wk.hw import cpu as hw_cpu from wk.hw import disk as hw_disk from wk.hw import sensors as hw_sensors from wk.hw import smart as hw_smart from wk.hw import surface_scan as hw_surface_scan from wk.hw import system as hw_system from wk.hw.audio import audio_test from wk.hw.keyboard import keyboard_test from wk.hw.network import network_test from wk.hw.screensavers import screensaver from wk.hw.test import Test, TestGroup # STATIC VARIABLES DOCSTRING = f'''{cfg.main.KIT_NAME_FULL}: Hardware Diagnostics Usage: hw-diags [options] hw-diags (-h | --help) Options: -c --cli Force CLI mode -h --help Show this page -q --quick Skip menu and perform a quick check ''' LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__) TEST_GROUPS = { # Also used to build the menu options ## NOTE: This needs to be above MENU_SETS 'CPU & Cooling': 'cpu_stress_tests', 'Disk Attributes': 'disk_attribute_check', 'Disk Self-Test': 'disk_self_test', 'Disk Surface Scan': 'disk_surface_scan', 'Disk I/O Benchmark': 'disk_io_benchmark', } MENU_ACTIONS = ( 'Audio Test', 'Keyboard Test', 'Network Test', 'Clock Sync', 'Start', 'Quit') MENU_ACTIONS_SECRET = ( 'Matrix', 'Tubes', ) MENU_OPTIONS_QUICK = ('Disk Attributes',) MENU_SETS = { 'Full Diagnostic': (*TEST_GROUPS,), 'Disk Diagnostic': ( 'Disk Attributes', 'Disk Self-Test', 'Disk Surface Scan', 'Disk I/O Benchmark', ), 'Disk Diagnostic (Quick)': ('Disk Attributes',), } MENU_TOGGLES = ( 'Skip USB Benchmarks', ) PLATFORM = std.PLATFORM # Classes class State(): """Object for tracking hardware diagnostic data.""" def __init__(self): self.disks = [] self.layout = cfg.hw.TMUX_LAYOUT.copy() self.log_dir = None self.panes = {} self.system = None self.test_groups = [] self.top_text = std.color_string('Hardware Diagnostics', 'GREEN') # Init tmux and start a background process to maintain layout self.init_tmux() exe.start_thread(self.fix_tmux_layout_loop) def abort_testing(self) -> None: """Set unfinished tests as aborted and cleanup tmux panes.""" for group in self.test_groups: for test in group.test_objects: if test.status in ('Pending', 'Working'): test.set_status('Aborted') # Cleanup tmux self.panes.pop('Current', None) for key, pane_ids in self.panes.copy().items(): if key in ('Top', 'Started', 'Progress'): continue if isinstance(pane_ids, str): tmux.kill_pane(self.panes.pop(key)) else: for _id in pane_ids: tmux.kill_pane(_id) self.panes.pop(key) def disk_safety_checks(self) -> None: """Check for mid-run SMART failures and failed test(s).""" for dev in self.disks: disk_smart_status_check(dev, mid_run=True) if any(test.failed for test in dev.tests): dev.disable_disk_tests() def fix_tmux_layout(self, forced=True) -> None: """Fix tmux layout based on cfg.hw.TMUX_LAYOUT.""" try: tmux.fix_layout(self.panes, self.layout, forced=forced) except RuntimeError: # Assuming self.panes changed while running pass def fix_tmux_layout_loop(self) -> None: """Fix tmux layout on a loop. NOTE: This should be called as a thread. """ while True: self.fix_tmux_layout(forced=False) std.sleep(1) def init_diags(self, menu) -> None: """Initialize diagnostic pass.""" # Reset objects self.disks.clear() self.layout.clear() self.layout.update(cfg.hw.TMUX_LAYOUT) self.test_groups.clear() # Set log self.log_dir = log.format_log_path() self.log_dir = pathlib.Path( f'{self.log_dir.parent}/' f'Hardware-Diagnostics_{time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S%z")}/' ) log.update_log_path( dest_dir=self.log_dir, dest_name='main', keep_history=False, timestamp=False, ) std.clear_screen() std.print_info('Initializing...') # Progress Pane self.update_progress_pane() tmux.respawn_pane( pane_id=self.panes['Progress'], watch_file=f'{self.log_dir}/progress.out', ) # Add HW Objects self.system = hw_system.System() self.disks = hw_disk.get_disks(skip_kits=True) # Add test objects for name, details in menu.options.items(): if not details['Selected']: # Only add selected options continue if 'CPU' in name: # Create two Test objects which will both be used by cpu_stress_tests # NOTE: Prime95 should be added first self.system.tests.append( Test(dev=self.system, label='Prime95', name=name), ) self.system.tests.append( Test(dev=self.system, label='Cooling', name=name), ) self.test_groups.append( TestGroup( name=name, function=globals()[TEST_GROUPS[name]], test_objects=self.system.tests, ), ) if 'Disk' in name: test_group = TestGroup( name=name, function=globals()[TEST_GROUPS[name]], ) for disk in self.disks: test_obj = Test(dev=disk, label=disk.path.name, name=name) disk.tests.append(test_obj) test_group.test_objects.append(test_obj) self.test_groups.append(test_group) def init_tmux(self) -> None: """Initialize tmux layout.""" tmux.kill_all_panes() # Top self.panes['Top'] = tmux.split_window( behind=True, lines=2, vertical=True, text=f'{self.top_text}\nMain Menu', ) # Started self.panes['Started'] = tmux.split_window( lines=cfg.hw.TMUX_SIDE_WIDTH, target_id=self.panes['Top'], text=std.color_string( ['Started', time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M %Z")], ['BLUE', None], sep='\n', ), ) # Progress self.panes['Progress'] = tmux.split_window( lines=cfg.hw.TMUX_SIDE_WIDTH, text=' ', ) def save_debug_reports(self) -> None: """Save debug reports to disk.""" LOG.info('Saving debug reports') debug_dir = pathlib.Path(f'{self.log_dir}/debug') if not debug_dir.exists(): debug_dir.mkdir() # State (self) std.save_pickles({'state': self}, debug_dir) with open(f'{debug_dir}/state.report', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as _f: _f.write('\n'.join(debug.generate_object_report(self))) # Disks for disk in self.disks: with open( f'{debug_dir}/disk_{disk.path.name}.report', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as _f: _f.write('\n'.join(debug.generate_object_report(disk))) _f.write('\n\n[Tests]') for test in disk.tests: _f.write(f'\n{test.name}:\n') _f.write('\n'.join(debug.generate_object_report(test, indent=1))) # SMC if os.path.exists('/.wk-live-macos'): data = [] try: proc = exe.run_program(['smc', '-f']) data.extend(proc.stdout.splitlines()) data.append('----') proc = exe.run_program(['smc', '-l']) data.extend(proc.stdout.splitlines()) except Exception: # pylint: disable=broad-except LOG.ERROR('Error(s) encountered while exporting SMC data') data = [line.strip() for line in data] with open(f'{debug_dir}/smc.data', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as _f: _f.write('\n'.join(data)) # System with open(f'{debug_dir}/system.report', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as _f: _f.write('\n'.join(debug.generate_object_report(self.system))) _f.write('\n\n[Tests]') for test in self.system.tests: _f.write(f'\n{test.name}:\n') _f.write('\n'.join(debug.generate_object_report(test, indent=1))) def update_clock(self) -> None: """Update 'Started' pane following clock sync.""" tmux.respawn_pane( pane_id=self.panes['Started'], text=std.color_string( ['Started', time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M %Z")], ['BLUE', None], sep='\n', ), ) def update_progress_pane(self) -> None: """Update progress pane.""" report = [] width = cfg.hw.TMUX_SIDE_WIDTH for group in self.test_groups: report.append(std.color_string(group.name, 'BLUE')) for test in group.test_objects: report.append(std.color_string( [test.label, f'{test.status:>{width-len(test.label)}}'], [None, STATUS_COLORS.get(test.status, None)], sep='', )) # Add spacer report.append(' ') # Write to progress file out_path = pathlib.Path(f'{self.log_dir}/progress.out') with open(out_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as _f: _f.write('\n'.join(report)) def update_top_pane(self, text) -> None: """Update top pane with text.""" tmux.respawn_pane(self.panes['Top'], text=f'{self.top_text}\n{text}') # Functions def build_menu(cli_mode=False, quick_mode=False) -> std.Menu: # pylint: disable=too-many-branches """Build main menu, returns wk.std.Menu.""" menu = std.Menu(title=None) # Add actions, options, etc for action in MENU_ACTIONS: menu.add_action(action) for action in MENU_ACTIONS_SECRET: menu.add_action(action, {'Hidden': True}) for option in TEST_GROUPS: menu.add_option(option, {'Selected': True}) for toggle in MENU_TOGGLES: menu.add_toggle(toggle, {'Selected': True}) for name, targets in MENU_SETS.items(): menu.add_set(name, {'Targets': targets}) menu.actions['Start']['Separator'] = True # Update default selections for quick mode if necessary if quick_mode: for name in menu.options: # Only select quick option(s) menu.options[name]['Selected'] = name in MENU_OPTIONS_QUICK # Skip CPU tests for TestStations if os.path.exists(cfg.hw.TESTSTATION_FILE): menu.options['CPU & Cooling']['Selected'] = False # Add CLI actions if necessary if cli_mode or 'DISPLAY' not in os.environ: menu.add_action('Reboot') menu.add_action('Power Off') # Compatibility checks if PLATFORM != 'Linux': for name in ('Audio Test', 'Keyboard Test'): menu.actions[name]['Disabled'] = True if PLATFORM not in ('Darwin', 'Linux'): for name in ('Matrix', 'Network Test', 'Tubes'): menu.actions[name]['Disabled'] = True # Live macOS actions if os.path.exists('/.wk-live-macos'): menu.actions['Clock Sync']['Separator'] = True else: menu.actions['Clock Sync']['Disabled'] = True menu.actions['Clock Sync']['Hidden'] = True # Done return menu def cpu_stress_tests(state, test_objects) -> None: # pylint: disable=too-many-statements """CPU & cooling check using Prime95 and Sysbench.""" LOG.info('CPU Test (Prime95)') aborted = False prime_log = pathlib.Path(f'{state.log_dir}/prime.log') run_sysbench = False sensors_out = pathlib.Path(f'{state.log_dir}/sensors.out') test_mprime_obj, test_cooling_obj = test_objects # Bail early if test_cooling_obj.disabled or test_mprime_obj.disabled: return # Prep state.update_top_pane(test_mprime_obj.dev.cpu_description) test_cooling_obj.set_status('Working') test_mprime_obj.set_status('Working') # Start sensors monitor sensors = hw_sensors.Sensors() sensors.start_background_monitor( sensors_out, thermal_action=('killall', 'mprime', '-INT'), ) # Create monitor and worker panes state.update_progress_pane() state.panes['Prime95'] = tmux.split_window( lines=10, vertical=True, watch_file=prime_log, watch_cmd='tail') if PLATFORM == 'Darwin': state.panes['Temps'] = tmux.split_window( behind=True, percent=80, vertical=True, cmd='./hw-sensors') elif PLATFORM == 'Linux': state.panes['Temps'] = tmux.split_window( behind=True, percent=80, vertical=True, watch_file=sensors_out) tmux.resize_pane(height=3) state.panes['Current'] = '' state.layout['Current'] = {'height': 3, 'Check': True} # Get idle temps std.print_standard('Saving idle temps...') sensors.save_average_temps(temp_label='Idle', seconds=5) # Stress CPU std.print_info('Running stress test') hw_cpu.set_apple_fan_speed('max') proc_mprime = hw_cpu.start_mprime(state.log_dir, prime_log) # Show countdown print('') try: print_countdown(proc=proc_mprime, seconds=cfg.hw.CPU_TEST_MINUTES*60) except KeyboardInterrupt: aborted = True # Stop Prime95 hw_cpu.stop_mprime(proc_mprime) # Update progress if necessary if sensors.cpu_reached_critical_temp() or aborted: test_cooling_obj.set_status('Aborted') test_mprime_obj.set_status('Aborted') state.update_progress_pane() # Get cooldown temp std.clear_screen() std.print_standard('Letting CPU cooldown...') std.sleep(5) std.print_standard('Saving cooldown temps...') sensors.save_average_temps(temp_label='Cooldown', seconds=5) # Check Prime95 results test_mprime_obj.report.append(std.color_string('Prime95', 'BLUE')) hw_cpu.check_mprime_results( test_obj=test_mprime_obj, working_dir=state.log_dir, ) # Run Sysbench test if necessary run_sysbench = ( not aborted and sensors.cpu_max_temp() >= cfg.hw.CPU_FAILURE_TEMP ) if run_sysbench: LOG.info('CPU Test (Sysbench)') std.print_standard('Letting CPU cooldown more...') std.sleep(30) std.clear_screen() std.print_info('Running alternate stress test') print('') proc_sysbench, filehandle_sysbench = hw_cpu.start_sysbench( sensors, sensors_out, log_path=prime_log.with_name('sysbench.log'), pane=state.panes['Prime95'], ) try: print_countdown(proc=proc_sysbench, seconds=cfg.hw.CPU_TEST_MINUTES*60) except AttributeError: # Assuming the sysbench process wasn't found and proc was set to None LOG.error('Failed to find sysbench process', exc_info=True) except KeyboardInterrupt: aborted = True hw_cpu.stop_sysbench(proc_sysbench, filehandle_sysbench) # Update progress # NOTE: CPU critical temp check isn't really necessary # Hard to imagine it wasn't hit during Prime95 but was in sysbench if sensors.cpu_reached_critical_temp() or aborted: test_cooling_obj.set_status('Aborted') test_mprime_obj.set_status('Aborted') state.update_progress_pane() # Check Cooling results test_cooling_obj.report.append(std.color_string('Temps', 'BLUE')) hw_cpu.check_cooling_results(test_cooling_obj, sensors, run_sysbench) # Cleanup state.update_progress_pane() sensors.stop_background_monitor() state.panes.pop('Current', None) tmux.kill_pane(state.panes.pop('Prime95', None)) tmux.kill_pane(state.panes.pop('Temps', None)) # Done if aborted: raise std.GenericAbort('Aborted') def disk_attribute_check(state, test_objects) -> None: """Disk attribute check.""" LOG.info('Disk Attribute Check') for test in test_objects: disk_smart_status_check(test.dev, mid_run=False) if not test.dev.attributes: # No NVMe/SMART data test.set_status('N/A') continue # Done state.update_progress_pane() def disk_io_benchmark(state, test_objects, skip_usb=True) -> None: """Disk I/O benchmark using dd.""" LOG.info('Disk I/O Benchmark (dd)') aborted = False # Run benchmarks state.update_top_pane( f'Disk I/O Benchmark{"s" if len(test_objects) > 1 else ""}', ) state.panes['I/O Benchmark'] = tmux.split_window( percent=50, vertical=True, text=' ', ) for test in test_objects: if test.disabled: # Skip continue # Skip USB devices if requested if skip_usb and test.dev.bus == 'USB': test.set_status('Skipped') continue # Start benchmark std.clear_screen() std.print_report(test.dev.generate_report()) test.set_status('Working') test_log = f'{state.log_dir}/{test.dev.path.name}_benchmark.out' tmux.respawn_pane( state.panes['I/O Benchmark'], watch_cmd='tail', watch_file=test_log, ) state.update_progress_pane() try: hw_benchmark.run_io_test(test, test_log) except KeyboardInterrupt: aborted = True except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, TypeError, ValueError) as err: # Something went wrong LOG.error('%s', err) test.set_status('ERROR') test.report.append(std.color_string(' Unknown Error', 'RED')) # Mark test(s) aborted if necessary if aborted: test.set_status('Aborted') test.report.append(std.color_string(' Aborted', 'YELLOW')) break # Update progress after each test state.update_progress_pane() # Cleanup state.update_progress_pane() tmux.kill_pane(state.panes.pop('I/O Benchmark', None)) # Done if aborted: raise std.GenericAbort('Aborted') def disk_self_test(state, test_objects) -> None: """Disk self-test if available.""" LOG.info('Disk Self-Test(s)') aborted = False threads = [] state.panes['SMART'] = [] # Run self-tests state.update_top_pane( f'Disk self-test{"s" if len(test_objects) > 1 else ""}', ) std.print_info(f'Starting self-test{"s" if len(test_objects) > 1 else ""}') for test in reversed(test_objects): if test.disabled: # Skip continue # Start thread test.set_status('Working') test_log = f'{state.log_dir}/{test.dev.path.name}_selftest.log' threads.append(exe.start_thread(hw_smart.run_self_test, args=(test, test_log))) # Show progress if threads[-1].is_alive(): state.panes['SMART'].append( tmux.split_window(lines=4, vertical=True, watch_file=test_log), ) # Wait for all tests to complete state.update_progress_pane() try: while True: if any(t.is_alive() for t in threads): std.sleep(1) else: break except KeyboardInterrupt: aborted = True for test in test_objects: hw_smart.abort_self_test(test.dev) std.sleep(0.5) hw_smart.build_self_test_report(test, aborted=True) # Cleanup state.update_progress_pane() for pane in state.panes['SMART']: tmux.kill_pane(pane) state.panes.pop('SMART', None) # Done if aborted: raise std.GenericAbort('Aborted') def disk_smart_status_check(dev, mid_run=True) -> None: """Check SMART status.""" msg = None color = None disable_tests = False # Check SMART status and attributes if not hw_smart.smart_status_ok(dev): msg = 'Critical SMART error detected' color = 'RED' disable_tests = True elif not hw_smart.check_attributes(dev, only_blocking=False): # Non-blocking errors msg = 'SMART attribute failure(s) detected' color = 'YELLOW' # Log errors if detected if msg: msg = f'{msg}{" during diagnostics" if mid_run else ""}.' LOG.warning(msg) dev.add_note(msg, color) # Set Disk Attributes test result for test in dev.tests: if test.name == 'Disk Attributes': test.failed = test.failed or msg test.passed = not test.failed if test.failed: test.set_status('Failed') elif 'N/A' not in test.status: test.set_status('Passed') # Disable further testing if needed if disable_tests: dev.disable_disk_tests() def disk_surface_scan(state, test_objects) -> None: """Read-only disk surface scan using badblocks.""" LOG.info('Disk Surface Scan (badblocks)') aborted = False threads = [] state.panes['badblocks'] = [] # Update panes state.update_top_pane( f'Disk Surface Scan{"s" if len(test_objects) > 1 else ""}', ) std.print_info( f'Starting disk surface scan{"s" if len(test_objects) > 1 else ""}', ) for disk in state.disks: failed_attributes = [ line for line in hw_smart.generate_attribute_report(disk) if 'failed' in line ] if failed_attributes: size_str = std.bytes_to_string(disk.size, use_binary=False) std.print_colored( ['[', disk.path.name, ' ', size_str, ']'], [None, 'BLUE', None, 'CYAN', None], sep='', ) std.print_report(failed_attributes) std.print_standard('') # Run surface scans for test in reversed([test for test in test_objects if not test.disabled]): # Start thread test_log = f'{state.log_dir}/{test.dev.path.name}_badblocks.log' threads.append(exe.start_thread( hw_surface_scan.run_scan, args=(test, test_log), )) # Show progress if threads[-1].is_alive(): state.panes['badblocks'].append( tmux.split_window( lines=5, vertical=True, watch_cmd='tail', watch_file=test_log, ), ) # Wait for all tests to complete try: while True: if any(t.is_alive() for t in threads): state.update_progress_pane() std.sleep(5) else: break except KeyboardInterrupt: aborted = True std.sleep(0.5) # Handle aborts for test in test_objects: if not (test.disabled or test.passed or test.failed): test.set_status('Aborted') test.report.append(std.color_string(' Aborted', 'YELLOW')) # Cleanup state.update_progress_pane() for pane in state.panes['badblocks']: tmux.kill_pane(pane) state.panes.pop('badblocks', None) # Done if aborted: raise std.GenericAbort('Aborted') def main() -> None: # pylint: disable=too-many-branches """Main function for hardware diagnostics.""" args = docopt(DOCSTRING) log.update_log_path(dest_name='Hardware-Diagnostics', timestamp=True) # Safety check if 'TMUX' not in os.environ: LOG.error('tmux session not found') raise RuntimeError('tmux session not found') # Init atexit.register(tmux.kill_all_panes) menu = build_menu(cli_mode=args['--cli'], quick_mode=args['--quick']) state = State() # Quick Mode if args['--quick']: run_diags(state, menu, quick_mode=True) return # Show menu while True: action = None selection = menu.advanced_select() # Set action if 'Audio Test' in selection: action = audio_test elif 'Keyboard Test' in selection: action = keyboard_test elif 'Network Test' in selection: action = network_test elif 'Clock Sync' in selection: action = sync_clock # Run simple test if action: state.update_top_pane(selection[0]) try: action() except KeyboardInterrupt: std.print_warning('Aborted.') std.print_standard('') std.pause('Press Enter to return to main menu...') if 'Clock Sync' in selection: state.update_clock() # Secrets if 'Matrix' in selection: screensaver('matrix') elif 'Tubes' in selection: # Tubes ≈≈ Pipes? screensaver('pipes') # Quit if 'Reboot' in selection: cmd = ['/usr/local/bin/wk-power-command', 'reboot'] exe.run_program(cmd, check=False) elif 'Power Off' in selection: cmd = ['/usr/local/bin/wk-power-command', 'poweroff'] exe.run_program(cmd, check=False) elif 'Quit' in selection: break # Start diagnostics if 'Start' in selection: run_diags(state, menu, quick_mode=False) # Reset top pane state.update_top_pane('Main Menu') def print_countdown(proc, seconds) -> None: """Print countdown to screen while proc is alive.""" for i in range(seconds): sec_left = (seconds - i) % 60 min_left = int((seconds - i) / 60) out_str = '\r ' if min_left: out_str += f'{min_left} minute{"s" if min_left != 1 else ""}, ' out_str += f'{sec_left} second{"s" if sec_left != 1 else ""}' out_str += ' remaining' print(f'{out_str:<42}', end='', flush=True) try: proc.wait(1) except subprocess.TimeoutExpired: # proc still going, continue pass if ((hasattr(proc, 'poll') and proc.poll() is not None) or (hasattr(proc, 'is_running') and not proc.is_running())): # proc exited, stop countdown break # Done print('') def run_diags(state, menu, quick_mode=False) -> None: """Run selected diagnostics.""" aborted = False atexit.register(state.save_debug_reports) state.init_diags(menu) # Just return if no tests were selected if not state.test_groups: std.print_warning('No tests selected?') std.pause() return # Run tests for group in state.test_groups: # Run test(s) function = group.function args = [group.test_objects] if group.name == 'Disk I/O Benchmark': args.append(menu.toggles['Skip USB Benchmarks']['Selected']) std.clear_screen() try: function(state, *args) except (KeyboardInterrupt, std.GenericAbort): aborted = True state.abort_testing() state.update_progress_pane() break else: # Run safety checks after disk tests if group.name.startswith('Disk'): state.disk_safety_checks() # Handle aborts if aborted: for group in state.test_groups: for test in group.test_objects: if test.status == 'Pending': test.set_status('Aborted') # Show results show_results(state) # Done state.save_debug_reports() atexit.unregister(state.save_debug_reports) if quick_mode: std.pause('Press Enter to exit...') else: std.pause('Press Enter to return to main menu...') def show_results(state) -> None: """Show test results by device.""" std.sleep(0.5) std.clear_screen() state.update_top_pane('Results') # CPU Tests cpu_tests_enabled = [ group.name for group in state.test_groups if 'CPU' in group.name ] if cpu_tests_enabled: std.print_success('CPU:') std.print_report(state.system.generate_report()) std.print_standard(' ') # Disk Tests disk_tests_enabled = [ group.name for group in state.test_groups if 'Disk' in group.name ] if disk_tests_enabled: std.print_success(f'Disk{"s" if len(state.disks) > 1 else ""}:') for disk in state.disks: std.print_report(disk.generate_report()) std.print_standard(' ') if not state.disks: std.print_warning('No devices') std.print_standard(' ') def sync_clock() -> None: """Sync clock under macOS using sntp.""" cmd = ['sudo', 'sntp', '-Ss', 'us.pool.ntp.org'] proc = exe.run_program(cmd, check=False) if proc.returncode: # Assuming we're running under an older version of macOS cmd[2] = '-s' exe.run_program(cmd, check=False) if __name__ == '__main__': print("This file is not meant to be called directly.")